Sept. 11, 2024
Ever wonder if your referral program is too good to be true--or worse: a hotbed for fraud? While many programs deliver big payoffs from real customers referring others, others get burned by fraudulent activity from individuals who try to game the system. In this post, we will illuminate the dark side of referral programs and reveal how fraudulent referral happens, and all the dirty tactics people use to game the system. You'll get a tour of referral fraud, the impact on businesses, and most importantly, what you can do to protect yourself. By the time you finish reading, you'll be fully equipped to protect your brand and your revenue, all while fostering authentic customer engagement in your referral programs.
Referral programs have been a staple in the marketing toolbox for many companies because they get people to do marketing for them in the form of existing customers. But on the darker side of things, referral fraud occurs when people game these systems and sign up fake accounts or use misleading information or other tactics to get rewards or bonuses without actually providing any value. This, in turn, not only defeats the purpose of referral marketing but also poses a lot of risks for companies trying to build real relationships with their customers.
Referral fraud comes in many forms. For example, one form of fraud might be self-referral, where an individual signs up for multiple accounts to claim referral bonuses they haven't earned. This abuse can also evolve into lead generation fraud, where referrals are made up, manufactured, and don't provide real value to the referring user. The implications of this fraudulent activity can be quite severe. For one, companies could wind up with skewed metrics that misinform them of their market fit, and as a result, could waste resources on marketing that simply doesn't work and lose money.
Don't guess numbers. Avoid using numbers unless you have other numbers to go on in your sentence.
First and foremost, with pretty much anything the customer is king--all the leverage is in their hands, and they can easily ruin whatever you're working on with a poor review, so always keep them in mind, no matter what you're doing.
Knowing what fraud looks like is the first step in safeguarding your program from referral fraud. If you can't identify referral fraud, you can't take action against it. You'll need to have different strategies in place to prevent different kinds of referral fraud from being committed. You're able to prevent fraud effectively through deterrence by establishing clear terms and conditions, by controlling the uses of your promo code, and by keeping regular tabs on your referral data.
You can also prevent referral fraud effectively through detection by using technology like bot detection, transaction speed checks, and deep link analysis. Take a multi-tiered approach involving both human and tech capabilities, and you can safeguard your referral program effectively, keep your brand robust, and drive real customer engagement. And to keep the marketing ecosystem healthy, you also need to educate and make people aware of referral fraud, which is often hidden and difficult to recognize for what it is as a business practice.
Referral fraud can take many forms, but at its heart, it is a betrayal of incentive systems designed to recognize and compensate people for introducing fresh users or customers into a particular channel. By making themselves aware of the most prevalent forms of referral fraud, businesses can recognize, address, and mitigate their effects, helping to protect the integrity of the program and to ensure that rewards are allocated fairly.
Self-referrers are users who sign up for more than one account so they can abuse referral bonuses and earn rewards multiple times. When people fraudulently sign up with diverse identities (different email addresses, phone numbers, etc.) from the same device, it devalues the concept of referral programs for everyone else.
How can companies prevent referral fraud? Companies can take steps such as requiring a unique email or phone number to sign up and reducing risk through measures like identity verification. They can also monitor user activity for patterns that suggest a single person is controlling more than one account.
Account cycling happens when people repeatedly sign up, cancel, then sign up again to receive a bonus or reward multiple times. It can be especially harmful to businesses that rely on long-term user engagement and recurring subscriptions because it artificially inflates numbers and leads to higher churn of inactive accounts. While self-referral is often about earning new user incentives, account cycling is frequently related to trying different trial periods or offers.
To help stop account cycling, businesses might consider including a waiting period or restrict the frequency at which someone is able to sign up and cancel an account. Also, having a rich history about how the user has interacted with the site can help to identify patterns of signing up, canceling, and signing up again. Finally, you can reconsider the incentive altogether so that it doesn't make sense to try to game the system.
Fraud referral is when users share referral codes with a wide audience and get rewards they're not supposed to get. This happens a lot of times on social media or online forums where people will just share codes or even encourage others to abuse the codes as a way to get rewards for themselves.
The net effect is you'll see a bunch of claims that aren't really real users.
To combat fraud referral, companies should have clear guidelines on how referral codes can be shared and marketed. This can be limitations on how many times a referral code can be used, or this can be geolocation-based so that people from another country can't use a certain code. It can also be educational materials so that users know why this type of fraud referral is negative.
Differentiating between different types of referral fraud is extremely important, because you'll need to do different things to deter each type of abuse. If you know how each abuse works, you can put measures in place to deter that specific type of abuse. This might look like technology such as advanced analytics and monitoring, in combination with policy changes to make sure that incentives are aligned for your users.
By deterring fraud, you won't just stop fraud in the short term, but also build a culture of trust among real users. This is how you can build a sustainable referral program, where rewards go to the right people: those who truly helped you bring in new users. In the end, you'll have more users and more engagement, while risk of fraud that could damage your reputation and your business is much lower.
Referral fraud is a big problem. It's making headlines more and more often, particularly for marketers who want to leverage referral programs. By gaming these systems, fraudsters have time to pocket 5-figures+, even more than $50,000 in some cases, before they're caught. Because believe it or not, people are getting really good at referral fraud. And really bad for these businesses.
The most tried-and-true method is creating a zillion fake accounts. It's called multi-accounting and involves individuals referring themselves to earn commissions for referring products and services to themselves. It's not just money out the door for these businesses—it really affects their analytics. They can't measure real user growth or real customer engagement.
Referral fraud impacts everything and it's all negative. These companies grow primarily through word-of-mouth through referral programs. With fraud, people can cheat the system and take referral revenue and it's not good for anybody. People can counterfeit buying "a million" of products to make it look like their referral link is really successful, but those "sales" are all themselves.
The consequences of referral fraud extend far beyond just the cash. It's also the customers themselves. If customers discover a company's reputation is fake due to fraud, they are less likely to stick around with the business. It only takes one major instance of referral fraud to destroy customer trust and brand reputation permanently.
Influencers are kind of like a marketing company -- they're someone who will advertise your product on their platform. But some influencers are starting to make fake accounts so that they look like more of a draw. It's bad for the company that's paying them, because the company might think that it's reaching more people than it actually is, and can really mess up the company's marketing campaigns.
For example, a social media influencer might make a bunch of accounts under different names to skirt referral limits and then earn additional bonuses. This will cause companies to see a false referral count and think that people are interested in the company and they'll expand. But no! They're not real. These fake accounts make it really difficult for the employer to tell if the influencer partnership is paying off and can really mess up the strategies for campaigns.
Referral fraud can really mess up your analytics and make you think that you're getting way more customers than you actually are. This is really bad if you want to scale the business or if you want to invest in anything based on these "awesome" analytics.
Skewed analytics also mean resources could be used more efficiently, and you could be investing in campaigns that look like they're working, but are not. For example, if you think your referral is awesome because the numbers are padded, you might be taking actions that are a huge waste of time and money, since real customer engagement is what you really need for sustainable growth.
Fraud referral is just one of the many things you can learn when you see real examples of bad actors in action. You can see how they operate, and you can see where you might be vulnerable and can close those gaps. For example, when you see examples of fraud, it clicks why you need a really robust vetting process, really good user analytics, and be really watching users to catch and deter this early.
You can also use real examples to make your referral policies better. By tightening up your terms and conditions, you can close any loopholes that fraudsters are exploiting to scam you. By always staying informed about how fraudsters are working, you can build a more robust referral program that is resilient to fraud and get more of the good stuff. Ultimately, you just need to be watching and need to be evolving to keep this revenue stream flowing and reputation positive.
Referral programs are a popular, effective way businesses can use word-of-mouth to boost customer acquisition. Like anything, they have pros and cons, and understanding what they are can help you decide whether or not they're right for your business.
One of the best things about having a referral program is that you'll end up spending very little to acquire customers. With traditional marketing, you'll have to do a lot of advertising and promotions to acquire customers. With a referral campaign, your customers will be the ones acquiring new customers, which is a much cheaper way to do things. Not only that, customers that come through a referral will spend a lot more money than regular customers. For example, with some successful referral programs, customers acquired through a referral campaign will spend up to 153% more than their non-referred counterparts. With you spending less money to acquire these customers and these new customers spending a lot more money, it's a win-win for you.
But customers that are referred won't just spend more money and cost less to acquire. They also implicitly trust you right away. That's because their friend referred them, and they trust their friend. This implicit trust is a huge deal because that means you'll have a much easier time converting them into a customer, which means an easy customer journey from acquisition to loyalty.
On top of lower costs, referral programs typically create a stickier customer. Referred customers are likely to stay longer. Studies have found that these customers have a 16-25% higher customer lifetime value (CLV) than a non-referred customer, so they're more likely to buy again and more engaged in the brand.
The other issue with referral-only customers is that you could end up with an overly homogenous customer base. While yes, referrals will get you a homogenous customer base, you risk skewing your customer base toward a tiny slice of the market. A varied customer base will have varied perspectives, and you'll end up with a more well-rounded group of customers with different feedback on your product. That feedback can be really important when it comes time to innovate and develop your product, and the varied opinions can also help solidify your brand's presence in different market segments.
And paying for referrals might actually end up costing you money for your business. For example, if you're paying your customers a commission to bring others to your platform, that's a cost from your profit margin. And unless you've really thought through your referral program to make sure it's sustainable for your business, you're going to be spending a lot of money just to get customers.
With how lucrative a side hustle it is, and how simple it is to start a referral program, you'll definitely want to get in on the action and get started today. If you're not already a Rewards Genius customer, you can sign up here to get a free trial. Once you're all signed up, you can find your referral link in the dashboard and then share that link with your friends, family, and everyone else.
In today's digital age, preventing referral fraud is a big concern for businesses, especially if you're running referral programs to help acquire customers. While referral programs can be an effective way to acquire a high volume of customers, they're also relatively easy for bad actors to exploit. You'll need to take steps to protect against fraud in order to keep your program running smoothly.
To keep new accounts legitimate, you'll want stricter verification processes, because it saves you from potential fraud, and because it tells you who your actual customers are. For example, you might ask new account signups to provide an ID so you can be sure they are who they say, and who you're expecting. Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a good measure to protect your platform from most account fraud. This can include an email verification.
We recommend a one-time SMS verification with their real phone number to validate their identity. This ensures your users have low-friction (as they ever only do an SMS check once). It also ensures they can't rotate VOIP or fake numbers.
Audit your referral program regularly to detect anomalies and trends that may be indicative of fraud. Be close to your referral data to identify warning signs—like higher than expected rates of referral, or referral accounts that refer other accounts with the same IP address. For example, if you see the same referrer referring multiple new accounts in quick succession, you're most likely being gamed.
By investigating these trends, you can understand the "how" and "why" of fraudsters. With thorough audits, you can also fine-tune your operational processes such that few people will bother to commit fraud against you.
Why? Because 90% of the time, you’re not sure who you’re getting on the other end, and what they can help you with... or if they can help you at all.
Another really massive thing to reduce fraud in your referral program is having clear and enforced rules for your participants. Without clear rules, people can easily game your program. But with rules, they have to work harder to cheat you (because yes, people will still cheat you, but this is one way to make it slightly more difficult for them). These rules could be things like who is eligible to be referred (e.g. friends and family only) and be required to provide some form of proof of the relationship.
Also, stating in a clear policy that bonuses can be revoked for violations is a really good way to incentivize good behavior. E.g. telling your referrers that they'll lose all of their hard earned rewards if they're found to be in violation of the program will ensure that they're held accountable and will maintain the integrity of your program.
And that's it! You've built a really strong wall against referral fraud, and you're getting all the benefits of a referral program without any of the risk.
Referral programs are handy ways to market yourself -- but they're not foolproof. Inevitably, there will be people who try to game the system. Everything from self-referral abuse to account cycling to affiliate fraud, people try to exploit these referral programs to maximize their personal gain at the expense of the business. And it's not just the financial cost, it's the brand damage and customer trust. To minimize referrals, you'll need strong verification, regular auditing, and a team on the lookout for suspicious behavior. Clear guidelines and reliable analytics are also key to a safe referral program. Armed with a working knowledge of referral fraud, you can make the most of referral marketing without getting taken for a ride.
It's a scam in which people manipulate referral programs in an attempt to claim rewards without actually making valid referrals. This can involve anything from creating fake accounts to referring yourself multiple times to even creating entirely fake leads to claim bonuses you didn't earn.
Businesses should be on the lookout for a variety of different kinds of referral fraud, including self-referral fraud, account cycling, mass sharing of referral codes, and affiliate fraud, each of which has its own unique drawbacks and takes the integrity out of referral.
Referral fraud can lead to inaccurate metrics, skewed marketing strategies, monetary loss and most importantly, reputational harm. This can mean regulatory trouble and long-term trust issues with customers.
To prevent referral fraud, companies can implement aggressive verification measures like two-factor authentication, audits to catch any irregularities, train their employees to recognize what fraudulent activity looks like, and maintain rigid guardrails about what a participant can and can't do.
Advanced analytics and real-time monitoring can help detect and mitigate referral fraud. What that means is, they're monitoring the referral data to look for anything out of the ordinary and showing you what to watch out for to guard against fraud and keep your business safe.
The more you understand about referral fraud, the better-equipped you'll be to prevent it. Armed with knowledge, companies can safeguard their referral programs more effectively, protect customer trust, and ensure that rewards are being distributed only to the people who really deserve it.
Referrals are a great way to reduce cost of acquisition, increase customer loyalty, and drive up the lifetime value of a business. Referred customers tend to spend more and be more engaged, which creates a growth loop that is very good for business.
The main way to prevent referral fraud is to tie a user's account to their identity. There are many ways to do this: from IP address tracking to device tracking to email verification. However, all of those can be easily gamed. The best way to tie a user's account to their identity is a simple, 1-time SMS verification with their real phone number. Any attempts to create new accounts would be unprofitable, as they would need to sign up for expensive carrier numbers for each new account.
A business meeting discussing fraud referral strategies.
SMS Check